An overview of slagging and fouling indicators and their applicability to biomass fuels

Slagging and fouling are common problems associated with biomass firing. The different nature of the mineral phase composition ash makes vast experience coal firing insufficient for its translation to fuels, especially when it comes slagging behavior. Biomass tends have lower content than coals; however, is often rich in volatile alkalis. deposits found on boiler walls superheater tubes comprised alkali compounds. Numerous studies melting particle sticking behavior been conducted. Laboratory observed fusion temperatures commonly used evaluate propensity fuels. tests time consuming, therefore several predictive indices developed estimate based alone. Thermodynamic models as well neural networks also applied this end. However, practical field purposes, preferred because their convenience. An overview these presented work. A sizeable dataset has collected order statistically applicability AFT prediction formulas. General trends extensive illustrated. Finally, a more convenient graphical solution preliminary predictions. • two major fuel utilization methods propensity. statistical evaluation regression temperature visual indicator analysis